Talha's Physics Academy
Heat, Temperature, and Temperature Scales
Q.1 Differentiate between heat and temperature.
| Heat | Temperature |
|---|---|
| It is the form of energy which transfers from a hot body to a cold body as a result of a difference in temperature between them. | It is a degree of hotness or coldness of a body. It determines the direction of the flow of heat from one body to another. |
| As heat is a form of energy, its SI unit is the Joule ($\text{J}$). Another common unit is the calorie ($\text{cal}$). | The SI unit of temperature is the Kelvin ($\text{K}$). Other common units are Celsius ($^\circ\text{C}$) and Fahrenheit ($^\circ\text{F}$). |
| It is measured with the help of a calorimeter. | It is measured with the help of a thermometer. |
Fig: Heat naturally flows from a body of higher temperature to a body of lower temperature.
Q.2 Write three scales of temperature and write formulae for their conversions.
Scales of Temperature
There are three primary scales of temperature:
- Celsius Scale ($^\circ\text{C}$): Mostly used for environmental and everyday scientific measurements.
- Fahrenheit Scale ($^\circ\text{F}$): Mostly used for clinical and meteorological measurements.
- Kelvin Scale ($\text{K}$): The thermodynamic absolute scale, mostly used for industrial and scientific measurements.
Fig: Comparison of freezing and boiling points across Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin scales.
Temperature Conversion Formulae
1. Conversion from Celsius Scale to Kelvin Scale
$T(\text{K}) = T(^\circ\text{C}) + 273.15$
2. Conversion from Kelvin Scale to Celsius Scale
$T(^\circ\text{C}) = T(\text{K}) - 273.15$
3. Conversion from Celsius Scale to Fahrenheit Scale
$T(^\circ\text{F}) = \left( T(^\circ\text{C}) \times \frac{9}{5} \right) + 32$
4. Conversion from Fahrenheit Scale to Celsius Scale
$T(^\circ\text{C}) = \left( T(^\circ\text{F}) - 32 \right) \times \frac{5}{9}$
No comments:
Post a Comment