Talha's Physics Academy
Transmission of Electrical Signals Through Wires
Transmission of Electrical Signals Through Wires
"A basic telephone system uses wires to transmit audio signals by converting sound waves into electrical impulses and back again."
The transmission mechanism relies on key electromechanical components working together across a communication link:
- Diaphragm and Coil Structure: An electric coil is attached to a vibrating metal diaphragm. Diaphragms are utilized in modern telephones to efficiently convert voice signals into electrical signals for transmission through wires. The mouthpiece and the earpiece serve as the two primary functional elements of the telephone system.
- The Mouthpiece (Transmitter): A thin metal diaphragm and carbon granules are contained within the mouthpiece. As we speak into the mouthpiece, sound waves cause the diaphragm to vibrate. These vibrations compress the carbon granules slightly, varying their electrical resistance and allowing an analogous electrical current to travel through the connected wire.
- The Receiver (Earpiece): At the opposite end of the transmission line, the receiver reverses this procedure. An electromagnet inside the receiver generates a changing magnetic field in response to the incoming electric current. As a result of this varying magnetic field, the receiver’s thin metal diaphragm vibrates, successfully reproducing the original sound.
Fig: Schematic representation of sound conversion via telephone mouthpiece and receiver.
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