Talha's Physics Academy
Flow of Information and Components of Communication System
Flow of Information
"Electronic and optical equipment can be used to transfer information from one place to another place, which is called flow of information."
Example: When you use a phone, electrical impulses are used to transmit data via cables. Radio, television, and mobile phones provide information by electromagnetic waves or light via optical fibers. As radio waves move through different layers of the Earth's atmosphere, they keep getting bent (refracted).
Components of a Communication System
A standard communication system consists of three main foundational components:
- Transmitter: The input signal is processed by the transmitter to prepare it for efficient transmission over the communication channel.
- Transmission Channel: It is the physical medium used to transmit the signal from the transmitter to the receiver. Wires or coaxial cables may be used, similarly to radio waves and optical fiber cables. Note that the signal power gets progressively weaker as the distance from the source increases due to attenuation.
- Receiver: The transducer receives the output signal after it has traveled through the channel and been processed. To compensate for transmission losses and attenuation, the receiver typically amplifies the input signal back to a usable level.
Fig: Block diagram showing the flow between Transmitter, Transmission Channel, and Receiver.
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